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Energy Storage RTE Tutorial Course 3/3: Total Battery System RTE – Ranking and Comparison of Different Battery Chemistries
RTE impacts of HVAC/Ventilation and Inverters will be described. Batteries generate heat, and this must be dissipated by system cooling and/or taken out of the system. Heat generated can be calculated by looking at IR heating and that generated (net) by exothermic reactions. Examples will include LFP, Li-NMC, Lead Acid and Nickel batteries, both when they are fresh, as well as at their end of useful life. The overall ancillary equipment energy usage will be listed for these systems, and a % RTE loss will be calculated for both nominal rate and high rate applications. Commentary will be provided for other systems. RTE will be summarized and ranked for most energy storage battery chemistries including ZA, NaS, LiS, Saltwater, Liquid Metal, Zinc Bromine and Fuel Cells.
This webinar will focus on the following key topics:
• RTE impacts of Inverters and HVAC
• RTE impacts for ancillary equipment for different systems
• RTE numbers for most battery systems being considered for energy storage
Presenter
Dr. Halle Cheeseman – Founder/President at Energy Blues LLC
Dr. Halle Cheeseman earned a PhD in Electrochemistry & Corrosion from the University of Nottingham in UK, graduating in 1985. She has held several executive positions in the battery industry over the past 32 years, including Sr. VP of R&D at Spectrum Brands and VP of R&D at Exide Technologies. Her specific battery experience includes Lithium Ion, Zinc Air, Nickel Metal Hydride, Nickel Iron, Alkaline and Lead Acid, focusing on Consumer, Industrial, Automotive & Renewable Energy applications. In July 2017, Dr. Cheeseman founded Energy Blues LLC, an energy storage consulting cooperative comprising 20+ subject matter experts.
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Stability of Li7La3Zr2O12 Garnet Solid-State Electrolyte Against Metallic Lithium
Energy storage demands will require safer, cheaper and higher performance electrochemical energy storage. While the primary strategy for improving performance has focused on state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries, this work seeks to develop solid-state batteries employing metallic Li anode. Recently, the ceramic electrolyte, Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) cubic garnet, has shown promise owing to its unique combination of properties such as high Li-ion conductivity and electrochemical stability. Generally, LLZO is synthesized through powder processing and sintering at high temperature to produce dense membrane. Processing of the ceramic materials produces internal and surface flaws which will inhibit lithium transport creating localized current density and control the stability against Li dendrite propagation. This presentation will discuss new improvement in methodology to evaluate the integrity of LLZO membrane.
This webinar will focus on the following key topics:
• Methodology to evaluate the integrity of LLZO by identifying the microstructural flaws and their impact on mechanical properties
• DC cycling, EIS, XPS will be shown to determine the reactions that govern the maximum current density
• Correlate the electrochemical stability and critical current density with defects in polycrystalline solid state LLZO electrolyte
Presenter
Asma Sharafi – PhD Student with Jeff Sakamoto at University of Michigan
Asma received her MS in Chemistry (material science) in 2013 at University of Georgia. Currently, she is a PhD student in Mechanical Engineering at University of Michigan under Jeff Sakamoto’s supervision. The primary focus of her research is on the development of new solid state electrolyte (SSE) with the garnet structure (Li7La3Zr2O12) that offer unprecedented safety and durability.
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Advancing Mining Processes to Make Better Materials for Use in Lithium Ion Batteries
American Manganese Inc has developed a low-cost, environmentally friendly hydrometallurgical process to recover manganese (Mn) from lower grade resources. American Manganese has applied for a patent for their hydrometallurgical process that produces electrolytic manganese metal with low energy and water consumption. American Manganese commissioned R&D contractor, Kemetco Research Inc to determine uses of Artillery Peak manganese resource material to generate high value alternative products. Chemical manganese dioxide (CMD) and lithiated manganese oxide (LixMn2O4) for use in rechargeable batteries were the areas researched.
The research was successful in producing CMD from Artillery Peak resource material with low cation impurities and avoiding processing steps that are known to introduce metallic impurities in the final product. Cation impurities cause capacity fade, whereas metallic impurities are known to cause catastrophic failures (such as fire and explosions) in lithium ion batteries. Working rechargeable lithium ion coin cell battery prototypes were produced from the CMD material.
This webinar will focus on the following key topics:
• Catastrophic failure of Li Ion batteries caused by metallic impurities that may be introduced from the mining of raw materials
• Conventional mining process to recover MnO2 used to make LiMn2O4
• Research on a new mining process that avoids steps known to introduce metallic impurities to recover MnO2 used to make LiMn2O4
Presenter
Norman Chow – President – Kemetco Research, Inc.
Norman earned a B.A.Sc. and M.A.Sc. in Metals and Materials Engineering from University of British Columbia. He is a Registered Professional Engineer (P. Eng.) in British Columbia. He has over 15 years of technology development and contract research experience. He is the President of Kemetco Research Inc., which he formed after acquiring the Industrial Process Division of BC Research Inc. BC Research had been in operation for over 60 years as an R&D contractor.
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Energy Storage RTE Tutorial Course 1/3: What is Round Trip Efficiency (RTE)? Why is it Important? How Much Does it Cost?
In the first of this three-part webinar series, a definition of RTE will be presented along with simple system equations that are important to its understanding, determination and management. RTE for some popular battery systems i.e. Lead Acid, Lithium Ion, Vanadium Redox and Nickel Zinc will be computed as examples, and their variation with common variables such as rate, capacity variability & SOC swing will be discussed. The costs of Round Trip inefficiency can be significant, and are experienced by customers either in higher energy generating capital costs and/or higher operating expenses. The calculation of these higher costs will be reviewed, and there will be a discussion on the key industry variables that influence them. Different geographic and customer markets will be considered.
This webinar will focus on the following key topics:
• The Importance of RTE to battery selection decisions
• How does RTE impact CAPEX and/or OPEX for energy storage
• How is RTE defined and how can it be derived – comparison of different systems
• An introduction to ancillary equipment energy losses
Presenter
Dr. Halle Cheeseman – Founder/President at Energy Blues LLC
Dr. Halle Cheeseman earned a PhD in Electrochemistry & Corrosion from the University of Nottingham in UK, graduating in 1985. She has held several executive positions in the battery industry over the past 32 years, including Sr. VP of R&D at Spectrum Brands and VP of R&D at Exide Technologies. Her specific battery experience includes Lithium Ion, Zinc Air, Nickel Metal Hydride, Nickel Iron, Alkaline and Lead Acid, focusing on Consumer, Industrial, Automotive & Renewable Energy applications. In July 2017, Dr. Cheeseman founded Energy Blues LLC, an energy storage consulting cooperative comprising 20+ subject matter experts.
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